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Hardware Based Loop Optimization for CGRA Architectures
C. Sunny, , K.J.M. Martin, P. Coussy
Published in Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
2021
Volume: 12700 LNCS
   
Pages: 65 - 80
Abstract
With the increasing demand for high performance computing in application domains with stringent power budgets, coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA) architectures have become a popular choice among researchers and manufacturers. Loops are the hot-spots of kernels running on CGRAs and hence several techniques have been devised to optimize the loop execution. However, works in this direction are predominantly software-based solutions. This paper addresses the optimization opportunities at a deeper level and introduces a hardware based loop control mechanism that can support arbitrarily nested loops up to four levels. Major contributions of this work are, a lightweight Hardware Loop Block (HLB) for CGRAs that eliminates control instruction overhead of loops and an acyclic graph transformation that removes loop branches from the application CDFG. When tested on a set of kernels chosen from various application domains, the design could achieve a maximum of 1.9 × and an average of 1.5 × speed-up against the conventional approach. The total number of instructions executed is reduced to half for almost all the kernels with an area and power consumption overhead of 2.6% and 0.8% respectively. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.