Machining is a metal removal process in which a large quantity of heat is generated due to interaction of the tool with the workpiece. Suitable cutting fluids are used to remove heat, prevent tool wear, enhancing tool life and reducing workpiece distortion, along with several other merits. However, these are not eco-friendly, and preventive measures should be taken while discarding. Sustainable machining, which includes modifying the existing processes or development of new processes, both aiming to maintain eco-friendly nature, is the way forward. The current chapter aims to comprehensively review dry machining, minimum quality lubrication, and cryogenic machining with their advantages and disadvantages. The status of sustainability in turning, grinding, milling, broaching, and boring has been presented. Importance of surface textured tools has been highlighted. Sustainability in nonconventional machining processes such as electric discharge machining, electrochemical machining, abrasive water jet machining, laser beam machining, and ultrasonic machining is also presented with novel developments. Finally, a summary of future prospects with recent advances is included. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.