Clay deposits often exhibit inherent anisotropy due to different microfabrics, resulting from both environmental conditions during deposition and stress conditions subsequently. Many anisotropic elastic-plastic models are developed for modeling the behavior of clays subjected to anisotropic stress conditions. In this study, the drained and undrained shearing behavior of kaolinite clay samples with different microfabrics are modeled using anisotropic S-CLAY1 model with a rotational hardening rule and the isotropic modified cam clay (MCC) model. The inherent anisotropy resulting from the difference in the microfabric of the clay samples, reflected as the initial value of the rotational hardening parameter of the S-CLAY1 model, is determined based on the shape of the undrained stress paths of the samples subjected to consolidated undrained triaxial tests. The simulated results are compared with the results of consolidated undrained and drained triaxial tests carried out on kaolinite samples with different microfabrics. Clay samples with different microfabrics are prepared artificially, in the laboratory, by remolding with different pore fluids. It is observed that while S-CLAY1 model predicts the undrained behavior of kaolinite samples better, the drained behavior is better predicted by the MCC model. © 2014 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd