Department of Electrical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

This paper presents a simple unified ensemble averaged heartbeat extraction framework for noise-robust ECG-based biometric authentication using heartbeat morphology. The proposed method consists of three major steps: preprocessing, ensemble averaged beat construction, and similarity matching. At the preprocessing stage, the signal blocking and mean removal operations are performed. The ensemble averaging stage includes the steps of: discrete cosine transform (DCT) based filter for simultaneous removal of BW and PLI noises, straightforward Gaussian derivative filter (GDF)-based R-peak detector, period normalization and peak-centering, and ensemble averaging computation. At the similarity matching stage, we study the performance of both time-domain and wavelet-domain distance metrics for finding the similarity between a test ensemble ECG beat template and an enrolled ECG beat template. The performance of the proposed framework is tested and validated using different types of ECG signals taken from the standard ECG databases. Results show that the ECG-biometric method using normalized cross correlation (NCC) metric provides consistent verification results as compared to the other four methods under different noisy conditions and sampling rates. For predefined threshold of 0.97, the NCC-based ECG-biometric method achieves an average false rejection rate (FRR) of 11.6% and false acceptance rate (FAR) of 5.8% for 3969 imposters and 19404 test segments from enrolled subjects, respectively. © 2015 IEEE.

World University root node

2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks, SPIN 2015

A novel unified framework for noise-robust ECG-based biometric authentication

We report optically sensitive multi-functional metal-insulator-semiconductor devices based on Pt nanoparticles, which were fabricated in-situ with the dielectric stack using atomic layer deposition on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. The devices exhibit non-volatile memory behavior, with a memory window that can be enhanced by optical illumination. Voltage stressed devices serve as highly sensitive broadband photodetectors, as well as optically tunable varactors. © 2015 IEEE.

IEEE-NANO 2015 - 15th International Conference on Nanotechnology

Multi-functional optically sensitive metal-insulator-semiconductor devices based on Pt nanoparticles fabricated in-situ with a dielectric stack using atomic layer deposition

An assessment of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal quality has become an unavoidable first step in most holter and ambulatory ECG signal analysis applications. In this paper, we present a simple method for automatically detection and classification of ECG noises. The proposed method consists of four major steps: moving average filter, blocking, feature extraction, and multistage decision-tree algorithm. In the proposed method, the dynamic amplitude range and autocorrelation maximum peak features are extracted for each block. In the first decision stage, a amplitude-dependent decision rule is used for detecting the presence of low-frequency (LF) noise (including, baseline wander (BW) and abrupt change (ABC) artifacts) and the high-frequency (HF) noise (including, power line interference (PLI) and muscle artifacts). In the second decision stage, the proposed method further classifies the LF noise into a BW noise or a ABC noise using the local dynamic amplitude range feature. The HF noise is classified into a PLI noise or a muscle noise using the local autocorrelation maximum peak feature. The proposed detection and classification method is tested and validated using a wide variety of clean and noisy ECG signals. Results show that the method can achieve an average sensitivity (Se) of 97.88%, positive productivity (+P) of 91.18% and accuracy of 89.06%. © 2015 IEEE.

2015 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated …

A simple method for detection and classification of ECG noises for wearable ECG monitoring devices

This study introduces a novel unified framework for simultaneous denoising and compression of electric power system disturbance signals using sparse signal decomposition and reconstruction on overcomplete hybrid dictionary (OHD) matrix. In the proposed method, the power quality signal is first decomposed into deterministic sinusoidal components and non-deterministic components using the OHD matrix, including discrete impulse dictionary (I), cosine dictionary (C), sine dictionary (S) and the l(1)-norm optimisation algorithm. Then, the hard-thresholding, uniform threshold dead-zone quantisation, modified index coding and Huffman coding techniques are used for compression of significant detail signal samples and approximation coefficients. To justify the selection of OHD matrix, four compression methods are implemented using the decomposition techniques based on the dictionaries psi = {[}I C S] and psi = {[}I C], the wavelet transform (WT) and the discrete cosine transform (DCT). The performance of each method is tested and validated using a wide variety of typical power quality disturbance (PQD) signals taken from the IEEE-1159-PQE and GIM-PQE databases and generated using the Microgrid model. The results show that the method with dictionary psi = {[}I C S] is capable of effectively compressing the PQD signals as well as suppressing the noise components in the signals.

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

Simultaneous denoising and compression of power system disturbances using sparse representation on overcomplete hybrid dictionaries

This paper deals with the finite-time control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle about the hovering position by converting the linearized model to its Brunovsky canonical form. It is shown that all the sliding surfaces have relative degree five or three. Simulations are carried out using higher order continuous finite time controllers. © 2014 IFAC.

IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-PapersOnline)

Finite-time control of a quadrotor system

The Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign was conducted to improve understanding and modeling of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO). Observations during DYNAMO focused on atmospheric parameters important for understanding MJO initiation, including vertical moisture profiles, cloud structure, precipitation processes and the planetary boundary layer. These observations were performed using a variety of in-situ and remote sensing instruments, including the S-PolKa radar deployed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and the collocated University of Miami (UM) microwave radiometer operating at 23.8 and 30.0 GHz. These instruments sampled approximately the same volumes of the atmosphere. A second microwave radiometer was deployed by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program approximately 8.5 km from the UM radiometer. These observations provided an opportunity to retrieve slant water path (SWP) and slant liquid water (SLW) from ground-based microwave radiometer measurements over a range of azimuth and elevation angles during both clear sky and cloudy conditions. The retrieved SWP and SLW will be compared to those from S-PolKa radar measurements. The goal of this study is to develop an algorithm to retrieve water vapor and liquid water from ground-based radiometer measurements. © 2014 IEEE.

2014 31th URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, URSI GASS 2014

Retrieval of slant water path, liquid water and rain events using the cloudy sky ratio from K-band brightness temperature measurements

The field campaign of DYNAMO/CINDY2011 took place in the central equatorial Indian Ocean between September 1, 2011 and January 5, 2012. The experiment was primarily designed to improve understanding of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) in the region. Observations of vertical moisture profiles, cloud structure, precipitation processes and the planetary boundary layer are necessary to improve understanding of MJO initiation. A number of remote sensing instruments, including NCAR's S-PolKa (dual-wavelength S-and Ka-band) radar and the University of Miami's microwave radiometer, were deployed to estimate water vapor and cloud structure. These instruments were collocated and scanned a common volume of the troposphere at various azimuth and elevation angles. The University of Miami's microwave radiometer performed brightness temperature measurements at 23.8 GHz, affected mostly by water vapor, and at 30.0 GHz, primarily sensitive to cloud liquid water. These measurements were performed continuously to estimate slant water path and liquid water path during various weather conditions, including clear and cloudy skies, as well as precipitation of various intensities. © 2014 IEEE.

2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting, USNC-URSI NRSM 2014

Resolution and performance of the cloudy sky ratio using measured brightness temperatures from ground-based microwave radiometers

Colorado State University

Retrieval techniques and information content analysis to improve remote sensing of atmospheric water vapor, liquid water and temperature from ground-based microwave radiometer measurements

Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors for DRAM applications have been realised using stacked TiO2-ZrO2(TiO2/ZrO 2 and ZrO2/TiO2) and Si-doped ZrO2 (TiO2/Si-doped ZrO2) dielectrics. High capacitance densities (&gt; 42 fF/ μm2), low leakage current densities (&lt; 5×10-7A/cm2 at -1 V), and sub-nm EOT (&lt; 0.8 nm) have been achieved. The effects of constant voltage stress on the device characteristics is studied. The structural analysis of the samples is performed by X-ray diffraction measurements, and this is correlated to the electrical characteristics of the devices. The surface chemical states of the films are analyzed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The doped-dielectric stack (TiO2/Si-doped ZrO2) helps to reduce leakage current density and improve reliability, with a marginal reduction in capacitance density; compared to their undoped counterparts (TiO2/ZrO2 and ZrO2/TiO2). We compare the device performance of the fabricated capacitors with other stacked high-k MIM capacitors reported in recent literature. © 2014 IEEE.

ICICDT 2014 - IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuit Design and Technology

High-performance stacked TiO2-ZrO2 and Si-doped ZrO2 metal-insulator-metal capacitors

The mobile inverted pendulum (MIP) is a mechanical system that presents multiple control challenges. In particular, two objectives, namely desired position control and stabilization of the unstable pendulum-like central body, need to be simultaneously met. In this brief, we propose a novel smooth time-invariant controller to achieve the twin objectives. A feature of the controller design is that it readily extends to achieve waypoint tracking, another interesting task for mobile platforms. To validate the theory developed, an MIP has been indigenously designed and fabricated. Extensive experiments on the MIP have been performed. It has been observed that the system accomplishes position stabilization as well as waypoint tracking with negligible error. © 2012 IEEE.