Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

Device scaling to subdeca nanometer has pushed device aging as a primary design concern. In manycore systems, inevitable process variation further adds to delay degradation and, coupled with the scalability issues in manycores, makes aging management, while meeting performance demands, a complex problem. LifeGuard is a performance-centric reinforcement learning-based task mapping strategy that leverages the different impact of applications on aging for improving system health. Experimental results, comparing Life- Guard with two state-of-the-art aging optimizing techniques, on a 256-core system, showed that LifeGuard led to improved health for, respectively, 57% and 74% of the cores, and also an enhanced aggregate core frequency. © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery.

World University root node

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Proceedings - Design Automation Conference

LifeGuard: A reinforcement learning-based task mapping strategy for performance-centric aging management

In this paper, we give a fresh look to coarse grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) as ultralow power accelerators for near-sensor processing. We present a general-purpose integrated programmable-array accelerator (IPA) exploiting a novel architecture, execution model, and compilation flow for application mapping that can handle kernels containing complex control flow, without the significant energy overhead incurred by state of the art predication approaches. To optimize the performance and energy efficiency, we explore the IPA architecture with special focus on shared memory access, with the help of the flexible compilation flow presented in this paper. We achieve a maximum energy gain of 2×, and performance gain of 1.33× and 1.8× compared with state of the art partial and full predication techniques, respectively. The proposed accelerator achieves an average energy efficiency of 1617 MOPS/mW operating at 100 MHz, 0.6 V in 28 nm UTBB FD-SOI technology, over a wide range of near-sensor processing kernels, leading to an improvement up to 18×, with an average of 9.23× (as well as a speed-up up to 20.3×, with an average of 9.7×) compared to a core specialized for ultralow power near-sensor processing. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

Department of Data Science

Fulltext

IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems

An Energy-Efficient Integrated Programmable Array Accelerator and Compilation Flow for Near-Sensor Ultralow Power Processing

Department of Civil Engineering

ASCE-EWRI conference

Impact of calibration objective function on the performance of the hydrological model

We first give a new direct geometric definition of a Lie bracket of two undirected curves on a surface which was found originally by Wolpert and Goldman in the eighties. and which is referred to here as the GW bracket. The geometric picture reveals readily certain nontrivial known results, unveils new ones and also motivates an unexpected but likely true conjecture. The conjecture reduces a hard to obtain geometric property, disjointness, to a structured algebraic calculation. The new result for the GW-bracket is that its center consists precisely of the obvious central elements, namely the Lie sub algebra generated by the class of the trivial loop and the classes of loops parallel to the boundary components or punctures. We also prove in two short steps that there is no cancellation of geometric terms in the GW bracket of two curves if one curve is simple: firstly by showing that a cancelling pair of terms must have supplementary angles between geodesic representatives, by noting secondly, earthquaking along the simple geodesic changes these angles monotonically, this leading to the contradiction. Concerning the conjecture, we have substantial computer evidence suggesting that if the GW-bracket of two undirected curves is zero then these curves have disjoint representatives. This possibility was unanticipated by the history. The GW-bracket and an initial non-cancellation result go back to more algebraic work of first Wolpert on Poisson Lie algebras and then Goldman on his Lie algebras of directed and of undirected curves, all in the 80's.

Department of Mathematics

arXiv e-prints, arXiv: 1910.

The Goldman-Wolpert Lie algebra of undirected curves

The validity of some of the assumptions made during systematic development of constitutive relation – homogeneity, isotropy, and non-dissipative response – is examined experimentally by testing plain concrete cylinders in the circumferential displacement controlled uniaxial compression tests. The tested cylinders indicate that the surface strains are not uniform and that the principal direction of the strain varies with the magnitude of the applied load. Hence, these cylinders are either deforming from a stressed state or anisotropic or both. The percentage dissipation computed as the area between the loading and unloading curves normalized using the area under the unloading curve is less than 10 percent up to 90 percent of the peak load. Therefore the mechanical response of concrete can be considered as non-dissipative. Assuming that the magnitude of the residual stresses present in the concrete panels would be small compared to the stresses arising due to the applied load, these residual stresses are ignored. Consequently, using the implicit constitutive theory framework for isotropic and compressible materials undergoing a non-dissipative process from a stress-free reference configuration, a three-dimensional constitutive relation for plain concrete is proposed. The material parameters in the proposed model are estimated from the uniaxial compression test and equal biaxial compression test. These parameters are expressed using initial Young's modulus, initial Poisson's ratio, maximum uniaxial compressive stress, the axial and transverse strain corresponding to the maximum uniaxial compressive stress, maximum equal biaxial compressive stress and the equal biaxial strain corresponding to maximum equal biaxial compressive stress. The ability of the proposed model to capture the response of various grade and type of concrete in ten biaxial experiments reported in the literature is examined. It is found that despite the limiting assumptions, the compression-compression, compression-tension and tension-tension stress strain response of the concrete in these ten experiments are adequately captured by the proposed model with mean R 2 value of 0.94. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

Construction and Building Materials

A three dimensional constitutive model for plain cement concrete

We show that loosely packed homogeneous monolayers of soft colloidal particles can be fabricated via simple evaporative drying of aqueous dispersion containing colloidal particles. Owing to the inherent amphiphilicity of the soft microgels, they are preferentially adsorbed onto the water-vapor interface of the drying droplet, resulting in a uniform deposition of the particles throughout the fluid-substrate contact area. Distinct order-to-disorder transition is also identified within the dried deposits on changing spatial locations from edge to center of the circular stain. Such monolayer deposits exhibit vibrant colors on irradiating with white light due to interference. © 2019 Author(s).

Department of Physics

AIP Conference Proceedings

Order-to-disorder transition in colored microgel monolayers

The variation in the concentration of surfactant molecules along the air-water interface of a drying sessile drop containing colloidal particle-surfactant mixtures is known to inhibit the formation of coffee stains. This also leads to the formation of particulate deposits with a region almost deprived of the particles, often called the depletion zone. The molecular size of the surface-active species used in such experiments poses limitations on the direct visualization of the build-up of surfactant molecules at the interface and how it correlates with the nucleation and growth kinetics of the depletion zone. We report a quantitative analysis of the origin and evolution of the depletion zone that forms in a drying sessile drop. By evaporating an aqueous sessile droplet containing a mixture of surface-active poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) microgels and polystyrene (PS) colloids, we establish that the concentration fluctuations of the PS particles along the air-water interface trigger a surface tension driven Marangoni flow along the interface. As a result of this, a depletion zone forms within the particulate deposit, which is analogous to the depletion zones observed for dried drops of particle- surfactant mixtures. The critical time at which the depletion zone forms correlates to the time at which surface tension-driven stress along the interface is maximum. Moreover, we show that the increase in the initial concentration of PS particles results in a decrease in the critical time. By using in situ video microscopy, we established that the rate at which the depletion zone grows is non-linear in time. The growth rate of the depletion zones for drops containing different concentrations of PS particles collapses into a master curve upon scaling with concentration and radius of the drop. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Soft Matter

On the origin and evolution of the depletion zone in coffee stains

The present study investigates three different algorithms for the numerical simulation of non-Boussinesq convection with thermal radiative heat transfer based on a low-Mach number formulation. The solution methodology employs a fractional step approach based on the finite-volume method on arbitrary polyhedral meshes. The three algorithms compute the coupled governing equations in a segregated manner using the conservative form of momentum equations in conjunction with a variable coefficient pressure Poisson equation. The first algorithm (Algorithm A) uses conservation of mass and energy equation to compute density and temperature. The other two algorithms (Algorithm B) and (Algorithm C) calculates temperature and density from the equation of state respectively and solves a conservative form of the continuity and energy equation to obtain density and temperature respectively. The energy and mass conservation errors arising due to the use of Algorithms B and C are derived concerning various non-dimensional parameters governing the flow and heat transfer. The significance of these errors is highlighted by performing investigations over a range of Rayleigh, Prandtl, and Planck numbers for various two and three-dimensional natural convection problems with radiative heat transfer. Finally, the role of balancing of the pressure and buoyancy terms is emphasized for robust calculations of large temperature difference thermo-buoyant convection with radiative heat transfer. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Computers and Mathematics with Applications

Numerical appraisal of three low Mach number algorithms for radiative–convective flows in enclosures

Secondary finishing operations are the primary requirement of the manufacturing industries to achieve dimensional tolerance of the components. Burnishing is essentially a surface finishing operation usually performed after machining to achieve superfinishing. Diamond burnishing is one of the finest finishing technologies which has been conducted on any surface to attain mirror surface finish. The present work focuses on the development of a correlation model between the process parameters and the output responses while burnishing of 17-4 precipitation hardenable stainless steel using response surface methodology. A novel diamond burnishing tool has been used to analyze the influence of process parameters on output responses in the MQL environment. The control factors considered for the present study include burnishing speed, burnishing feed and burnishing force, and the corresponding output responses considered were surface roughness and surface hardness. The influence of process parameters on output responses has been determined by analysis of variance. Optimization was performed by a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The proposed methodology has been validated by performing experiments at the optimal process parameters, and the achieved results indicate the effectiveness of the diamond burnishing process. © 2019, The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering.

Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering

Selection of optimal process parameters in sustainable diamond burnishing of 17-4 PH stainless steel

Nanomaterial biosensors have revolutionized the entire scientific, technology, biomedical, materials science, and engineering fields. Among all nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, microparticles, and beads are unique in offering facile conjugation of biorecognition probes for selective capturing of any desired analytes from complex real sample matrices (e.g., biofluids such as whole blood, serum, urine and saliva, tissues, food, and environmental samples). In addition, rapid separation of the particle-captured analytes by the simple use of a magnet for subsequent detection on a sensor unit makes the magnetic particle sensor approach very attractive. The easy magnetic isolation feature of target analytes is not possible with other inorganic particles, both metallic (e.g., gold) and non-metallic (e.g., silica), which require difficult centrifugation and separation steps. Magnetic particle biosensors have thus enabled ultra-low detection with ultra-high sensitivity that has traditionally been achieved only by radioactive assays and other tedious optical sources. Moreover, when traditional approaches failed to selectively detect low-concentration analytes in complex matrices (e.g., colorimetric, electrochemistry, and optical methods), magnetic particle-incorporated sensing strategies enabled sample concentration into a defined microvolume of large surface area particles for a straightforward detection. The objective of this article is to highlight the ever-growing applications of magnetic materials for the detection of analytes present in various real sample matrices. The central idea of this paper was to show the versatility and advantages of using magnetic particles for a variety of sample matrices and analyte types and the adaptability of different transducers with the magnetic particle approaches. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.