Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

World University root node

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.

An ensemble of high rank matrices arising from tournaments

Intelligent Electrical Systems: A Step towards Smarter Earth

Natural Ground-Water Recharge Scenario in Kolkata and a Review of Artificial Recharging

Quantity queries, with filter conditions on quantitative measures of entities, are beyond the functionality of search engines and QA assistants. To enable such queries over web contents, this paper develops a novel method for automatically extracting quantity facts from ad-hoc web tables. This involves recognizing quantities, with normalized values and units, aligning them with the proper entities and contextualizing these pairs with informative cues to match sophisticated queries with modifiers. Our method includes a new approach to aligning quantity columns to entity columns. Prior works assumed a single subject-column per table, whereas our approach is geared for complex tables and leverages external corpora as evidence. For contextualization, we identify informative cues from text and structural markup that surrounds a table. For query-time fact ranking, we devise a new scoring technique that exploits both context similarity and inter-fact consistency. Comparisons of our building blocks against state-of-the-art baselines and extrinsic experiments with two query benchmarks demonstrate the benefits of our method.

Department of Data Science

The Web Conference 2021 - Proceedings of the World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2021

Extracting contextualized quantity facts from web tables

Soot volume fraction predictions through simulations carried out on OpenFOAM® are reported in diffusion flames with ethylene fuel. A single-step global reaction mechanism for gas-phase species with an infinitely fast chemistry assumption is employed. Traditionally soot formation includes inception, nucleation, agglomeration, growth, and oxidation processes, and the individual rates are solved to determine soot levels. However, in the present work, the detailed model is replaced with the soot formation and oxidation rates, defined as analytical functions of mixture fraction and temperature, where the net soot formation rate can be defined as the sum of individual soot formation and oxidation rates. The soot formation/oxidation rates are modelled as surface area-independent processes. The flame is modelled by solving conservation equations for continuity, momentum, total energy, and species mass fractions. Additionally, separate conservation equations are solved to compute the mixture fraction and soot mass fraction consisting of source terms that are identical and account for the mixture fraction consumption/production due to soot. As a consequence, computational time can be reduced drastically. This is a quantitative approach that gives the principal soot formation regions depending on the combination of local mixture fraction and temperature. The implemented model is based on the smoke point height, an empirical method to predict the sooting propensity based on fuel stoichiometry. The model predicts better soot volume fraction in buoyant diffusion flames. It was also observed that the optimal fuel constants to evaluate soot formation rates for different fuels change with fuel stoichiometry. However, soot oxidation strictly occurs in a particular region in the flame; hence, they are independent of fuel. The numerical results are compared with the experimental measurements, showing an excellent agreement for the velocity and temperature. Qualitative agreements are observed for the soot volume fraction predictions. A close agreement was obtained in smoke point prediction for the overventilated flame. An established theory through simulations was also observed, which states that the amount of soot production is proportional to the fuel flow rate. Further validations underscore the predictive capabilities. Model improvements are also reported with better predictions of soot volume fractions through modifications to the model constants based on mixture fraction range. © 2021 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). All rights reserved.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo

Analytical formulation-based soot modelling in ethylene laminar jet diffusion flames

Hypernovae powered by magnetic jets launched from the surface of rapidly rotating millisecond magnetars are one of the leading models to explain broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL), and have been implicated as an important source of metal enrichment in the early Universe. We investigate the nucleosynthesis in such jet-driven hypernovae using a parametrized, but physically motivated, approach that analytically relates an artificially injected jet energy flux to the power available from the energy in differential rotation in the protoneutron star. We find ejected 56Ni masses of 0.05 -0.45M⊙ in our most energetic models with explosion energy > 1052 erg. This is in good agreement with the range of observationally inferred values for SNe Ic-BL. The 56Ni is mostly synthesized in the shocked stellar envelope, and is therefore only moderately sensitive to the jet composition. Jets with a high electron fraction Ye = 0.5 eject more 56Ni by a factor of 2 than neutron-rich jets. We can obtain chemical abundance profiles in good agreement with the average chemical signature observed in extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars presumably polluted by hypernova ejecta. Notably, [Zn/Fe] ≳ 0.5 is consistently produced in our models. For neutron-rich jets, there is a significant r-process component, and agreement with EMP star abundances in fact requires either a limited contribution from neutron-rich jets or a stronger dilution of r-process material in the interstellar medium than for the slow SN ejecta outside the jet. The high [C/Fe] ≳ 0.7 observed in many EMP stars cannot be consistently achieved due to the large mass of iron in the ejecta, however, and remains a challenge for jet-driven hypernovae based on the magnetorotational mechanism. © 2021 The Author(s).

Department of Physics

Fulltext

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

The chemical signature of jet-driven hypernovae

A uniform bounded variation estimate for finite volume approximations of the nonlinear scalar conservation law ℓ tα + div(uf(α)) = 0 in two and three spatial dimensions with an initial data of bounded variation is established. We assume that the divergence of the velocity div(u) is of bounded variation instead of the classical assumption that div(u) is zero. The finite volume schemes analysed in this article are set on nonuniform Cartesian grids. A uniform bounded variation estimate for finite volume solutions of the conservation law ℓ tα + div(F(t,x,α)) = 0, where divxF ≠ 0 on nonuniform Cartesian grids is also proved. Such an estimate provides compactness for finite volume approximations in Lp spaces, which is essential to prove the existence of a solution for a partial differential equation with nonlinear terms in α, when the uniqueness of the solution is not available. This application is demonstrated by establishing the existence of a weak solution for a model that describes the evolution of initial stages of breast cancer proposed by Franks et al. [J. Math. Biol. 47 (2003) 424-452]. The model consists of four coupled variables: tumour cell concentration, tumour cell velocity-pressure, and nutrient concentration, which are governed by a hyperbolic conservation law, viscous Stokes system, and Poisson equation, respectively. Results from numerical tests are provided and they complement theoretical findings. © EDP Sciences, SMAI 2021.

Department of Mathematics

ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis

Strong bounded variation estimates for the multi-dimensional finite volume approximation of scalar conservation laws and application to a tumour growth model

The graphical interactive user interface system of a stationary trainer for performing lower-limb rehabilitation tasks is presented in this article. The stationary trainer considered here for the interactive system development is based on a foot-plate operating system. The foot-plate is an end-effector of a parallel Cartesian manipulator. The interactive system primarily designed for the therapeutic tasks associated with passive range of motion (PROM) of the lower limbs. Further, the interactive system concentrated on the hip and knee joint motion therapies which include flexion/extension of knee and hip as well as abduction/adduction of hip. Various clinically suggested motions along with their working nature are designed in the interactive user interface. The suggested interface would generate the system settings (the various system parameters to be fixed during the real-time training) are generated based on the patient's physical parameters such as limb length, patient's weight, height, etc. The interactive simulator of the stationary trainer is demonstrated and verified using computer-based numerical simulations. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Graphical interactive user interface system for a stationary trainer to perform lower limb rehabilitation tasks

This paper analyses two kinds of models for Mobile robots having two and four independently rotatable power wheel configurations, respectively. Both the models were analysed for performance based on mechanical design and kinematic control aspects. A scissors mechanism was employed on the robots to equip them with weight lifting capabilities which are controlled by a linear actuator. The robot can be used for various purposes including inventory management, shop-floor assistance and warehouse automation. In the end, a simple computed velocity control kinematic model was developed for both the models and results were compared. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Design and Control of Mobile Robots with Two and Four Independent Rotatable Power Wheels

This article implies an improved backstepping control technique for the operational-space position tracking of a kinematically redundant mobile manipulator. The mobile manipulator thought-out for the analysis has a vehicle base with four mecanum wheels and a serial manipulator arm with three rotary actuated joints. The recommended motion controller provides a safeguard against the system dynamic variations owing to the parameter uncertainties, unmodelled system dynamics and unknown exterior disturbances. The Lyapunov's direct method assists in designing and authenticating the system's closed-loop stability and tracking ability of the suggested control strategy. The feasibility, effectiveness and robustness of the recommended controller are demonstrated and investigated numerically with the help of computer based simulations. The mathematical model used for the computer-based simulations is derived based on a real-time mobile manipulator and the derived model is further verified with an inbuilt gazebo model in a robot operating system (ROS) environment. In addition, the proposed scheme is verified on an in-house fabricated mobile manipulator system. Further, the recommended controller performance is correlated with the conventional backstepping control design in both computer-based simulations and in real-time experiments. © 2021 Defense Scientific Information and Documentation Centre. All rights reserved.

Defence Science Journal

Performance investigations of an improved backstepping operational-space position tracking control of a mobile manipulator

The purpose of this study was to develop a closed-loop machine vision system for wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) process control. Excessive wire wear leading to wire breakage is the primary cause of wire EDM process failures. Such process interruptions are undesirable because they affect cost efficiency, surface quality, and process sustainability. The developed system monitors wire wear using an image-processing algorithm and suggests parametric changes according to the severity of the wire wear. Microscopic images of the wire electrode coming out from the machining zone are fed to the system as raw images. In the proposed method, the images are pre-processed and enhanced to obtain a binary image that is used to compute the wire wear ratio (WWR). The input parameters that are adjusted to recover from the unstable conditions that cause excessive wire wear are pulse off time, servo voltage, and wire feed rate. The algorithm successfully predicted wire breakage events. In addition, the alternative parametric settings proposed by the control algorithm were successful in reducing the wire wear to safe limits, thereby preventing wire breakage interruptions. © 2021, Shanghai University and Periodicals Agency of Shanghai University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.