Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

Reductions of the in situ generated CO and N2 complexes of Cummins’ molybdenum(III) tris(anilide) complex, viz. [Mo(L){N(Ar’)But}3] (L=CO or N2, Ar’=3,5-dimethylphenyl), using a dimagnesium(I) compound, [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2] (MesNacnac=[HC(MeCNMes)2]−, Mes=mesityl), are reported. Reduction of [Mo(CO){N(Ar’)But}3] afforded a mixture of products, three of which were isolated in low yield and crystallographically characterized. These were a molybdenum(II) tris(carbamoyl) complex, [(MesNacnac)Mg{μ-(O=)[But(Ar’)N]C}3Mo(CO)3] 1, a magnesium(II) carbamate, [{(MesNacnac)Mg[μ-O2CN(Ar’)But]}2] 2 and the 1,3-diamino-1,2,3-trione, But(Ar’)NC3(=O)3N(Ar’)But 3. The mechanisms of formation of these products are speculated upon. The reduction of [Mo(N2){N(Ar’)But}3] with [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2], in the presence of the N-heterocyclic carbene, :C{N(Me)C(Me)}2 TMC, gave the heterobimetallic molybdenum(II) diazenido complex, [(MesNacnac)(TMC)Mg(μ-N2)Mo{N(Ar’)But}3] 4, in a low-moderate isolated yield. Reaction of this with chlorotrimethylsilane afforded an essentially quantitative yield of the known silyldiazenido complex, [(Me3SiN2)Mo{N(Ar’)But}3] 5. © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH

Department of Chemistry

World University root node

European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

Magnesium(I) Reduction of CO and N2 Complexes of Cummins’ Molybdenum(III) Tris(anilide), [Mo(L)\{N(Ar’)But\}3] (L=CO or N2; Ar’=3,5‐dimethylphenyl)

Reaction of several N-heterocyclic carbenes, a carbodiphosphorane and bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (DPPE) with [BeX2(OEt2)2] (X = Br or I) have yielded a variety of beryllium dihalide adduct complexes, all of which were crystallographically characterised. Attempts to reduce the compounds to low oxidation state beryllium complexes using a variety of reducing agents have been carried out, but were of limited success. However, reaction of [(IPr)BeBr2] (IPr = :C{(DipNCH)2}; Dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) with the aluminium(i) heterocycle, [:Al(DipNacnac)] (DipNacnac = [HC(MeCNDip)2]−) afforded the adduct complex, [{(IPr)(Br)Be(μ-H)}2], while reduction of [(IPr)BeBr2] with potassium naphthalenide gave the beryllium naphthalenediyl complex, [(IPr)Be(C10H8)]. Furthermore, reaction of [{(DPPE)BeI2}∞], with [:Al(DipNacnac)] led to insertion of the Al centre of the heterocycle into a Be-I bond and formation of a rare example of an Al-Be bonded complex, [(DPPE)(i)Be-Al(i)(DipNacnac)]. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021.

Dalton Transactions

N-Heterocyclic carbene, carbodiphosphorane and diphosphine adducts of beryllium dihalides: synthesis, characterisation and reduction studies

The assessment of genetic divergence plays a significant role to identify promising genotypes to initiate crossing programme for crop improvement. The sesame being a nutritious oil seed crop containing various biochemical constituents used as a good dietary choice. The biochemical analysis was done taking freshly harvested seeds of eight (8) parental genotypes and twenty one (21) advance lines. The studies revealed that all the genotypes differed significantly among themselves for all the biochemical parameters including moisture content, oil content, its iodine number and saponification value, both crude and soluble protein, some mineral matters - Ca, P, Mn, Zn, Cu \& Fe and Carbohydrate and ascorbic acid content. Mahalanobis generalized genetic distance using D-2 statistics for the assessment of genetic divergence amongst 29 genotypes based on biochemical parameters. All the genotypes were grouped into eleven distinct clusters. Maximum intra cluster divergence was noted against cluster IX with advance lines having black coloured seeds as its constituents. With regard to inter-cluster distance values the cluster X was mostly divergent from all other clusters and cluster II as the less divergent one from the rest. Cluster X with parental genotype B-14 was identified as superior cluster for the biochemical parameters on the basis of securing higher position for maximum number of characters. Constitution pattern clustering was independent of eco-geographical isolation. Promising segregants with higher oil yielding potentially may yield from inter se mating of advance line 14 and HT-1 with T-12, R-9 or advance lines 10,14,20.

Department of Physics

PLANT SCIENCE TODAY

Assessment of genetic divergence of Sesame seeds based on biochemical parameters

Metal powders are often made by gas atomization of liquid metal. During the process, liquid metal which flows from a melt delivery tube (MDT) is atomized by high speed gas discharging from a gas nozzle. In this work, the effect of the melt delivery tube position on atomization outcomes such as the yield, mass median diameter and spread of the particle size distribution, is studied experimentally. A melt atomization setup (pilot-scale) is used to produce tin powder by gas-atomization. Three MDT positions, namely, intruded, extruded and flush with respect to the gas nozzle, are chosen for this study. Three pressure regimes (atmospheric, aspiration and pressurization) are established by varying the relative distance between the MDT and the gas nozzle exit for the three positions. Experimental investigations revealed that the intruded position produces powder with lower mean particle sizes and lower spread than the extruded configuration. The intruded position also gives a significantly higher yield compared to the extruded and flush positions at low gas flow rates and hence appears to be the most suited for metal atomization using a free-fall configuration. © 2021 The Society of Powder Technology Japan

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Advanced Powder Technology

Experimental investigation on the effect of melt delivery tube position on liquid metal atomization

Binder jet 3D printing is an emerging technology in the field of rapid prototyping which has a capability of processing a wide range of materials, including metals and ceramics. The main aim of our project is to design and fabricate gypsum prototypes based on binder jetting technology. The gypsum powder is chosen for the development of green part and Sodium silicate also called as water glass is used as a binder for the gypsum based green part. These materials are low cost, easily available materials and are utilized for developing the gypsum prototypes and hence it reduces the cost of building of binder jetting machine. This paper presents our design modifications from the existing open source binder jetting machine (Oasis 3DP) to make it efficient in terms of cost, build and performance. The modifications are introduced in the build volume, binder extrusion head, support structures and gantry mechanism. With this new design introductions in the powder 3D printing machine, we can develop intricate, complex shaped gypsum prototypes and yield high green part strength. These modifications also unlock the full potential of the binder jetting technology and allow us to vision more in utilizing different types of powder materials like sugar, metallic powder, gypsum and ceramics with suitable corresponding binder. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Advances in Materials Research-2019.

MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS

Design and fabrication of gypsum prototypes based on binder jetting technology

Reductions of the in situ generated CO and N-2 complexes of Cummins' molybdenum(III) tris(anilide) complex, viz. {[}Mo(L)\{N(Ar')Bu-t\}(3)] (L=CO or N-2, Ar'=3,5-dimethylphenyl), using a dimagnesium(I) compound, {[}\{((Mes)Nacnac)Mg\}(2)] ((Mes)Nacnac={[}HC(MeCNMes)(2)](-), Mes=mesityl), are reported. Reduction of {[}Mo(CO)\{N(Ar')Bu-t\}(3)] afforded a mixture of products, three of which were isolated in low yield and crystallographically characterized. These were a molybdenum(II) tris(carbamoyl) complex, {[}((Mes)Nacnac)Mg\{mu-(O=){[}Bu-t(Ar')N]C\}(3)Mo(CO)(3)] 1, a magnesium(II) carbamate, {[}\{((Mes)Nacnac)Mg{[}mu-O2CN(Ar')Bu-t]\}(2)] 2, and the 1,3-diamino-1,2,3-trione, Bu-t(Ar')NC3(=O)(3)N(Ar')Bu-t 3. The mechanisms of formation of these products are speculated upon. The reduction of {[}Mo(N-2)\{N(Ar')Bu-t\}(3)] with {[}\{((Mes)Nacnac)Mg\}(2)], in the presence of the N-heterocyclic carbene, :C\{N(Me)C(Me)\}(2) TMC, gave the heterobimetallic molybdenum(II) diazenido complex, {[}((Mes)Nacnac)(TMC)Mg(mu-N-2)Mo\{N(Ar')Bu-t\}(3)] 4, in a low-moderate isolated yield. Reaction of this with chlorotrimethylsilane afforded an essentially quantitative yield of the known silyldiazenido complex, {[}(Me3SiN2)Mo\{N(Ar')Bu-t\}(3)] 5.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Magnesium(I) Reduction of CO and N2 Complexes of Cummins' Molybdenum(III) Tris(anilide), {[}Mo(L)\{N(Ar')But\}3] (L=CO or N2; Ar'=3,5-dimethylphenyl)

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Green MIP-202(Zr) Catalyst: Degradation and Thermally Robust Biomimetic Sensing of Nerve Agents

Although belong to the same genus, Aspergillus fumigatus is primarily involved in invasive pulmonary infection, whereas Aspergillus flavus is a common cause of superficial infection. In this study, we compared conidia (the infective propagules) of these two Aspergillus species. In immunocompetent mice, intranasal inoculation with conidia of A. flavus resulted in significantly higher inflammatory responses in the lungs compared to mice inoculated with A. fumigatus conidia. In vitro assays revealed that the dormant conidia of A. flavus, unlike A. fumigatus dormant conidia, are immunostimulatory. The conidial surface of A. fumigatus was covered by a rodlet-layer, while that of A. flavus were presented with exposed polysaccharides. A. flavus harbored significantly higher number of proteins in its conidial cell wall compared to A. fumigatus conidia. Notably, β-1,3-glucan in the A. flavus conidial cell-wall showed significantly higher percentage of branching compared to that of A. fumigatus. The polysaccharides ensemble of A. flavus conidial cell wall stimulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and conidial cell wall associated proteins specifically stimulated IL-8 secretion from the host immune cells. Furthermore, the two species exhibited different sensitivities to antifungal drugs targeting cell wall polysaccharides, proposing the efficacy of species-specific treatment strategies. Overall, the species-specific organization of the conidial cell wall could be important in establishing infection by the two Aspergillus species. © Copyright © 2021 Wong, Venugopalan, Beaussart, Karnam, Mohammed, Jayapal, Bretagne, Bayry, Prajna, Kuppamuthu, Latgé and Aimanianda.

Biological Sciences and Engineering

Fulltext

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Species-Specific Immunological Reactivities Depend on the Cell-Wall Organization of the Two Aspergillus, Aspergillus fumigatus and A. flavus

Methods in Molecular Biology

Preface

Malaria—a parasite vector‐borne disease—is a global health problem, and Plasmodium falciparum has proven to be the deadliest among Plasmodium spp., which causes malaria in humans. Symptoms of the disease range from mild fever and shivering to hemolytic anemia and neurological dysfunctions. The spread of drug resistance and the absence of effective vaccines has made malaria disease an ever‐emerging problem. Although progress has been made in understanding the host response to the parasite, various aspects of its biology in its mammalian host are still unclear. In this context, there is a pressing demand for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies, including new drugs and novel adjuvanted vaccines that elicit protective immunity. The present article provides an overview of the current knowledge of anti‐malarial immunity against P. falciparum and different options of vaccine candidates in development. A special emphasis has been made on the mechanism of action of clinically used vaccine adjuvants. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.