Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

Abstract Heat transfer from perforated plate burner flame impinging on a flat plate finds importance in industrial (gas fired boiler) and domestic heating (household gas burner and commercial hotel gas burners) applications. A limited study on heat transfer distribution of this kind of burner plate is found in the literature. In the present work, high resolution heat flux is estimated by the inverse heat conduction (IHCP) technique based on use of analytical solution for semi-infinite medium for the impingement plate. Inline, star and staggered holes patterns with three different inter-hole distances (pitch) are considered in the present study. Methane-air premixed flame of Reynolds number varying from 50 to 600 and an equivalence ratio varying from 0.6 to 1.2 is considered. The hole to impingement plate distance is varied from 3 to 7. From the experimental results, it is found that the inline and staggered patterns have the same heat flux averaged over an area of 50 mm × 50 mm for different Reynolds number. The intermediate pitch of 7 mm is the optimal pitch over the entire mixture flow range considered in the present study. The specific fuel consumption for the star pattern is less by 40-60% as compared with the inline pattern for p/d Combining double low line 1.67, Re Combining double low line 50-300 and z/d Combining double low line 3-7. A numerical simulation is carried out using CFD software to explain the shift in the peak heat flux away from the geometric intended location. © 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

World University root node

Department of Mechanical Engineering

International Journal of Thermal Sciences

An experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer distribution of perforated plate burner flames impinging on a flat plate

Energy from spent flame or other low grade energy can be used to increase the temperature of the air before mixing with fuel. This would improve the heat transfer characteristics of the impinging flame jet. The studies on impinging flame jets reported in the literature are based on the fuel-air mixture at ambient temperature. In the present work, the inlet air for mixture is heated by an electrical heater. The heat flux distribution is estimated using an inverse heat conduction (IHCP) technique. The Nusselt number (Nu) and effectiveness (η) distributions are obtained by estimating the adiabatic wall temperature (Taw) by the analytical-numerical method. A circular burner of 13.5 mm is used for impingement on quartz plate of 3 mm thickness. Reynolds number (Re) varying from 500 to 2000 for the non-dimensional burner tip to impingement plate spacing (Z/d) of 2-6 and stoichiometric condition (Ø = 1.0) is considered for varying preheated condition. The effect of equivalence ratio is studied for Ø = 0.75 to 1.5 for Re = 1000 and Z/d = 4. By increase in preheat temperature, the stagnation point heat flux increases from 20% to 50% unless the inner premixed zone touches the impingement plate. CFD simulations are carried out in FLUENT software to explain the distribution of heat flux. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Effect of preheated mixture on heat transfer characteristics of impinging methane-air premixed flame jet

Purpose - This paper aims to examine the relationship between the industrial and the service sector outputs at the aggregate level and for different sub-services in India and also tries to find out whether the relationship is changing over time. Design/methodology/approach - This paper studies a panel of 16 major Indian states in India over the period 1980-2011. Using aneconometric analysis, it proceeds toestimate the increasein inter-linkage between the output of the service sector and the output of the industrial sector. This study considers a variable coefficient model where the output elasticity of the service sector with respect to the output of the industrial sector changes with time. The changing element here is considered to be the result of the changing structure of production within these industries. Findings - It has been observed that the output of the services sector at the aggregate level and the output of the industrial sector are highly correlated, and demand generated for services output from the industrial sector over the period 1993-2011 is mostly due to the changing structure of production within these sectors. Originality/value - This paper takes the initiative to estimate the increase in inter-linkage between the output of the service sector and the output of the industrial sector resulting from the changing structure of production within the industrial and the service sectors. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Department of Humanities and Social Sciences

Indian Growth and Development Review

Structural change and the changing relationship between the industrial and the service sector: Evidence from Indian states

Abstract: Familiar field theories may contain closed subsectors made out of only fermions, which can be used to explore new and unusual phases of matter in lower dimensions. We focus on the fermionic su(1, 1) sector in (Formula presented.) SYM and on its ground states, which are Fermi surface states/operators. By computing their spectrum to order (gYM2N)2, we argue that fluctuations around this Fermi surface, within the sector and in the limit kF → ∞, are governed by a chiral 1+1 dimensional sector of the “strange metal” coset SU(N)N ⊗ SU(N)N /SU(N)2N. On the gravity side, the conjectured dual configuration is an S = 0 degeneration of a rotating black hole. On general grounds we expect that the near horizon excitations of (S = 0, Ω = 1, J → ∞) degenerations of black holes will be governed by a chiral sector of a 1+1 CFT. © 2015, The Author(s).

Department of Physics

Fulltext

Journal of High Energy Physics

Chiral 2D “strange metals” from N = 4 SYM

Abstract: We discuss monopole operators in U(Nc) Chern-Simons-matter theories in three space-time dimensions. We mention an apparent problem in the matching of such operators in dualities between non-supersymmetric theories, and suggest a possible resolution. A similar apparent problem exists in the mapping of chiral monopole operators in theories with N$$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 supersymmetry. We show that in many theories the lowest naive chiral monopole operator is actually not chiral, and we find the lowest monopole operator that is actually chiral in these theories. It turns out that there are several different forms of this operator, depending on the number of colors, the number of flavours, and the Chern-Simons level. Since we use the supersymmetric index to find the lowest chiral monopoles, our results for these monopoles are guaranteed to be invariant under the dualities in supersymmetric theories. The theories we discuss are believed to be dual in the ’t Hooft large Nc limit to classical high-spin gravity theories. We argue that these theories (supersymmetric or not) should not have classical solutions charged under the U(1) gauge field in the high-spin multiplet. © 2015, The Author(s).

On monopole operators in supersymmetric Chern-Simons-matter theories

A benzil-based semi-rigid dinuclear organometallic acceptor 4,4′-bis[trans-Pt(PEt3)2(NO3)(ethynyl)]benzil (bisPt-NO3) containing a Pt-ethynyl functionality was synthesized in good yield and characterized by multinuclear NMR (1H,31P, and 13C), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the iodide analogue bisPt-I. The stoichiometric (1:1) combination of the acceptor bisPt-NO3 separately with four different ditopic donors (L1-L4; L1 = 9-ethyl-3,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-9H-carbazole, L2 = 1,4-bis((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene, L3 = 1,3-bis((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene and L4 = 9,10-bis((1H-imidazol-1-yl) methyl)anthracene) yielded four [2 + 2] self-assembled metallacycles M1-M4 in quantitative yields, respectively. All these newly synthesized assemblies were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques (NMR, IR, ESIMS) and their sizes/shapes were predicted through geometry optimization employing the PM6 semi-empirical method. The benzil moiety was introduced in the backbone of the acceptor bisPt-NO3 due to the interesting structural feature of long carbonyl C-C bond (∼1.54 Å), which enabled us to probe the role of conformational flexibility on size and shapes of the resulting coordination ensembles. © 2015 Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft.

Department of Chemistry

Chimia

Self-assembly of metallamacrocycles employing a New Benzil-based organometallic bisplatinum(II) acceptor

This paper proposes a deterministic estimator for the estimation of the attitude of a rigid body. A deterministic estimator uses a minimal set of information and does not try to minimize a cost function or fit the measurements into a stochastic process. The proposed estimator obtains the attitude estimation utilizing only the properties of the rotational group SO(3). The information set required by the proposed estimator is a single vector information and rate gyro readings. For systems in which one of the rotational freedom is constrained, the proposed estimator provides an accurate estimate of the reduced attitude. The performance of the algorithm is verified on different experimental testbeds. © 1996-2012 IEEE.

Department of Electrical Engineering

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

A Deterministic Attitude Estimation Using a Single Vector Information and Rate Gyros

Inconel 706 is a newly developed superalloy, which offers high mechanical strength alongwith easy fabricability thus making it suitable for turbine disk applications. Although Inconel 706 exhibits a substantial increase in stress rupture and tensile yield strength compared to other superalloys, its conventional machining yields poor surface finish and low dimensional accuracy of the machined components. Hence, wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of Inconel 706 has been performed and various performance attributes such as material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), recast surface, topography, microhardness, microstructural and metallurgical changes of the machined components have been evaluated. The experimental results revealed that servo voltage, pulse on time, and pulse off time greatly influence the MRR and SR. Due to high toughness of Inconel 706, no micro cracks were observed on the machined surface. Micro voids and micro globules are significantly reduced at low pulse on time and high servo voltage. But, there is a propensity of thick recast layer formation at high pulse on time and low servo voltage. EDAX analysis of recast surface exposed the existence of Cu and Zn which have migrated from the brass wire. The subsurface microhardness was changed to 80. μm due to significant thermal degradation. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Materials and Design

Evaluation of WEDM performance characteristics of Inconel 706 for turbine disk application

Every year, large numbers of two wheelers are sold in India and other Asian countries. A majority of these engines still tend to be carbureted due to cost and fuel quality issues. As an alternative to the carburetor, port fuel injectors (PFI) have started being introduced in the last few years for small two wheeler vehicles. Although PFI systems offer better metering of fuel and better transient response compared to carbureted systems, they are more expensive and require more power to pressurize the fuel. More importantly, wall film formation is observed in both the technologies, which reduces the effectiveness of the PFI system. Hence, a new technology is proposed which includes a PFI system along with an ultrasonic atomizer. The purpose of the proposed system is to improve the transient response and hence improve the fuel economy of gasoline engines and lower the emissions especially under cold conditions. The proposed concept was tested standalone on a laboratory setup. A transparent duct of square section was fabricated and fuel was injected in it. High speed schlieren imaging was done to qualitatively visualize the vapor concentration in the proposed system compared to a conventional port fuel injection system. Mass measurement of the fuel atomized was done to quantitatively characterize the proposed system. The proposed system was found to be better than the existing conventional PFI system. It has metering capability like PFI with potentially better transient response at a similar cost. Copyright © 2015 SAE Japan and Copyright © 2015 SAE International.

SAE Technical Paper

A Novel Concept for Mixture Preparation in Port Fuel Injected Engines

Studies on the evaporation of suspended microlitre droplets under atmospheric conditions have observed faster evaporation rates than the theoretical diffusion-driven rate, especially for rapidly evaporating droplets such as ethanol. Convective flow inside rapidly evaporating droplets has also been reported in the literature. The surrounding gas around the evaporating droplet has, however, been considered to be quiescent in many studies, the validity of which can be questioned. In the present work, we try to answer this question by direct experimental observation of the flow. The possible causes of such a flow are also explored. © 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.