Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad&nbsp;(IIT Palakkad or IIT PKD) is a public autonomous&nbsp;engineering&nbsp;and&nbsp;research&nbsp;institute located in&nbsp;Palakkad,&nbsp;Kerala. It was&nbsp;one of the five new&nbsp;IITs&nbsp;proposed in the&nbsp;2014 Union budget of India. The campus was inaugurated on 3 August 2015. The institute has 94 faculty, 978 students, and 63 non-teaching staffs.

IT Palakkad currently offers four-year Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) and two years MS programmes in 8 different engineering disciplines including&nbsp;Computer Science, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil among others.

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IIT Palakkad

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Distributed Wireless Networks : Link Scheduling and Application Delay Modelling

Calcium levulinate (4-ketopentanoate) is used as an oral and parenteral source of calcium. We hypothesized that levulinate is converted in the liver to 4-hydroxypentanoate, a new drug of abuse, and that this conversion is accelerated by ethanol oxidation. We confirmed these hypotheses in live rats, perfused rat livers, and liver subcellular preparations. Levulinate is reduced to (R)-4-hydroxypentanoate by a cytosolic and a mitochondrial dehydrogenase, which are NADPH- and NADH-dependent, respectively. A mitochondrial dehydrogenase or racemase system also forms (S)-4-hydroxypentanoate. In livers perfused with [13C5]levulinate, there was substantial CoA trapping in levulinyl-CoA, 4-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA, and 4-phosphopentanoyl-CoA. This CoA trapping was increased by ethanol, with a 6-fold increase in the concentration of 4-phosphopentanoyl-CoA. Levulinate is catabolized by 3 parallel pathways to propionyl-CoA, acetyl-CoA, and lactate. Most intermediates of the 3 pathways were identified by mass isotopomer analysis and metabolomics. The production of 4-hydroxypentanoate from levulinate and its stimulation by ethanol is a potential public health concern. © 2011 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

World University root node

Department of Chemistry

Fulltext

Journal of Biological Chemistry

Metabolism of levulinate in perfused rat livers and live rats: Conversion to the drug of abuse 4-hydroxypentanoate

To study defect origin of ferromagnetism, hollow spheres are better candidates as they are less agglomerated and has both sides of the wall free, as compared to nanoparticles and thin films respectively. Our results show improved magnetic properties of GaN, ZnAl2O4 and MgO hollow spheres over their earlier reported nanoparticle counterparts. Photoluminescence spectroscopy supports our magnetic findings. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical Physics Letters

Ferromagnetism in thin-walled hollow spheres of non-magnetic inorganic materials

The role played by polyethylene-like oligomers in transducing external tensile forces to benzocyclobutene mechanophores is investigated computationally. It is demonstrated that the oligomer chains do indeed exert a notable influence on the force dependence of the activation energies of both conrotatory and disrotatory ring-opening processes of a cis 1,2-disubstituted benzocyclobutene. This opens the doorway to tuning the properties of mechanoresponsive materials not only by changing the properties of the mechanophore itself, but also by tailoring the force-transducing chain molecules attached to it. Furthermore, it is found that these chains even have a profound impact on the topology of the force-transformed potential energy surface in the vicinity of conrotatory transition states. Hitherto unexpected and most striking is the phenomenon that some of these conrotatory transition states are found to drive the system to disrotatory products. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Journal of Materials Chemistry

On the role of polymer chains in transducing external mechanical forces to benzocyclobutene mechanophores

Ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) to coumarin dyes in a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL, [pmim][BF 4]) and in a mixed micelle containing the RTIL and a triblock copolymer, (PEO)20-(PPO)70-(PEO)20, (Pluronic P123) is studied using femtosecond upconversion. A Marcus-like inversion in the rate of PET is observed in neat RTIL. This is attributed to high viscosity and nanostructuring of the RTIL. Diffusion and the rate of PET in the neat RTIL are slower than those in the RTIL-P123 mixed micelle. The coumarin dyes exhibit faster electron transfer and translational diffusion (anisotropy decay) in the RTIL-P123 mixed micelle compared to that in the P123 micelle. © 2011 American Chemical Society.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Marcus-like inversion in electron transfer in neat ionic liquid and ionic liquid-mixed micelles

A novel soft transition push pull converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed circuit achieves loss-less switching for the two main and two auxiliary switches without increasing the main device current/voltage rating. A tapping in the isolation transformer is added for the purpose of commutation. The proposed circuit is capable of operation at elevated switching frequencies of several hundreds of kHz, in a range of line and load variations. Steady state performance, the operating principle and theoretical analysis is outlined for the proposed pushpull converter. The steady state conversion ratio and the equivalent circuit model is presented. Experimental results are presented which verifies the steady state performance of the converter. The experimental waveforms are in agreement with the theoretical. © 2011 IEEE.

Department of Electrical Engineering

IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference)

Novel soft transition pushpull converter: Analysis, modeling, design and implementation

A novel liquid-liquid phase transition has been investigated for a wide variety of pure substances, including water, silica and silicon. From computer simulations using the Stillinger-Weber (SW) classical empirical potential, Sastry and Angell demonstrated a first order liquid-liquid transition in supercooled silicon at zero pressure, supported by subsequent experimental and simulation studies. Whether the line of such first order transitions will terminate at a critical point, expected to lie at negative pressures, is presently a matter of debate. Here we report evidence for a liquid-liquid critical point at negative pressures, from computer simulations using the SW potential. We identify T c μ1,120±12 K, P c μ '0.60 ± 0.15 GPa as the critical temperature and pressure. We construct the phase diagram of supercooled silicon, which reveals the interconnection between thermodynamic anomalies and the phase behaviour of the system as suggested in previous works. We also observe a strong relationship between local geometry (quantified by the coordination number) and diffusivity, both of which change dramatically with decreasing temperature and pressure. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.

Department of Physics

Nature Physics

Liquid-liquid critical point in supercooled silicon

We study experimentally and theoretically the effects of disorder, nonlinear screening, and magnetism in semiconductor heterostructures containing a δ-layer of Mn, where the charge carriers are confined within a quantum well and hence both ferromagnetism and transport are two dimensional (2D) and differ qualitatively from their bulk counterparts. Anomalies in the electrical resistance observed in both metallic and insulating structures can be interpreted as a signature of significant ferromagnetic correlations. The insulating samples turn out to be the most interesting as they can give us valuable insights into the mechanisms of ferromagnetism in these heterostructures. At low charge carrier densities, we show how the interplay of disorder and nonlinear screening can result in the organization of the carriers in the 2D transport channel into charge droplets separated by insulating barriers. Based on such a droplet picture and including the effect of magnetic correlations, we analyze the transport properties of this set of droplets, compare them with experimental data for insulating samples, and find a good agreement between the model calculations and experiment. Our analysis shows that the peak or shoulder-like features observed in the temperature dependence of resistance of 2D heterostructures δ-doped by Mn can appear even in the absence of a phase transition at nonzero temperatures. Furthermore, the anomaly can lie significantly below the mean-field Curie temperature TC. This is unlike the three-dimensional case, where it lies close to the critical temperature T0, which is often not very far from TC. We also discuss the consequences of our description for understanding the mechanisms of ferromagnetism in the heterostructures under study. © 2011 American Physical Society.

Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

Charge inhomogeneities and transport in semiconductor heterostructures with a Mn δ-layer

In this paper, we study cyclic stabiliser codes over Fp of length dividing pt + 1 for some positive integer t. We call these t-Frobenius codes or just Frobenius codes for short. We give methods to construct them and show that they have efficient decoding algorithms. An important subclass of stabiliser codes are the linear stabiliser codes. For linear Frobenius codes we have stronger results: We completely characterise all linear Frobenius codes. As a consequence, we show that for every integer n that divides pt + 1 for an odd t, there are no linear cyclic codes of length n. On the other hand for even t, we give an explicit method to construct all of them. This gives us many explicit examples of Frobenius code which include the well studied Laflamme code. We show that the classical notion of BCH distance can be generalised to all the Frobenius codes that we construct, including the non-linear ones, and show that the algorithm of Berlekamp can be generalised to correct quantum errors within the BCH limit. This gives, for the first time, a family of codes that are neither CSS nor linear for which efficient decoding algorithm exits. © 2011 IEEE.

IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - Proceedings

Quantum cyclic code of length dividing pt + 1

Motivated by the task of vernacular news analysis using known news topics from national news-papers, we study the task of topic analysis, where given source datasets with observed topics, data items from a target dataset need to be assigned either to observed source topics or to new ones. Using Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes for addressing this task imposes unnecessary and often inappropriate generative assumptions on the observed source topics. In this paper, we explore Dirichlet Processes with partially observed groups (POG-DP). POG-DP avoids modeling the given source topics. Instead, it directly models the conditional distribution of the target data as a mixture of a Dirichlet Process and the posterior distribution of a Hierarchical Dirichlet Process with known groups and topics. This introduces coupling between selection probabilities of all topics within a source, leading to effective identification of source topics. We further improve on this with a Combinatorial Dirichlet Process with partially observed groups (POG-CDP) that captures finer grained coupling between related topics by choosing intersections between sources. We evaluate our models in three different real-world applications. Using extensive experimentation, we compare against several baselines to show that our model performs significantly better in all three applications. © 2011 IEEE.